Conveyor and packaging apparatus provided with said conveyor

ABSTRACT

A conveyor for a packaging apparatus comprising a conveyor having a conveyor belt (2) with a rotatable portion (12) comprising a plurality of sub-elements (17). Each one of the sub-elements (17) comprises first annular features and second annular features. The first annular features of a sub-element mate with the second annular features of an adjacent sub-element forming a coupling seat where a pin is inserted to rotatably connect the two adjacent sub-elements. The rotatable portion (12) carries driving pieces which are put into motion by a control mechanism such that upon displacement of the conveyor belt (2) a corresponding rotation by 90° or multiples thereof is imparted to the rotatable portion (12). A packaging apparatus using the above conveyor belt is also described.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention refers to a conveyor and to an apparatus forpackaging products using the mentioned conveyor for transporting theproduct to be packaged and/or the packaged products along an operatingpath. The invention may find particular application in the transport andpackaging of articles, such as for example vacuum packaging or acontrolled atmosphere packaging of articles of various kinds, inparticular food-type products.

BACKGROUND ART

Conveyors may be used to transfer a product from one position to anotherposition. For example, in the field of packaging, a conveyor may be usedto transport a product to a packaging machine and/or to transfer apackaged product out of the packaging machine. In some cases, inaddition to conveying an article, it is desirable to reorient thearticle before, during or after packaging. US 2009/0039592 A1 disclosesa product orienting apparatus that comprises a table comprising arotatable device. The table also has an array of substantially identicalspherical rollers, each spherical roller being suitable for contactingthe product and the table surface. By rotation of the rotatable device,the product is rotated in the opposite direction on the conveyor belt.This is because the rotation of the rotatable device is translated intoa rotation of the spherical rollers, which in turn is translated into arotation of the product.

GB 2203402 A discloses an apparatus for transporting stacks of papersheets in a production line in which an endless conveyor supports a setof equidistant flexible turntables. Successive turntables acceptsuccessive incoming stacks and turn them through 90° before the turnedstacks are stripped off the respective turntables. U.S. Pat. No.6,520,314 B1 discloses a patterning apparatus for advancing packagedbaked goods such as loaves of bread, and positioning the packages forloading. The apparatus includes an endless conveyor having ahorizontally disposed upper flight and a series of turner assembliesspaced along the conveyor. Each turner assembly receives one or morepackages. The turner assemblies are adapted to rotate the receivedpackage while also achieving longitudinal conveyance, and lateralmovement transversely to the longitudinal direction.

The above apparatuses have a relatively high possibility ofmalfunctioning. Other disadvantages are that such apparatuses can bevery complex, difficult to be cleaned, unreliable, expensive tomanufacture and cumbersome.

WO2014029855A1 discloses a conveyor belt with a rotatable portionintegrated into the belt. The rotatable portion comprises a plurality ofsub-elements, each of which forms part of a surface of the rotatableportion, such that the rotatable portion is bendable and may adapt to anon rectilinear path of the belt.

Although this last solution offers an efficient system for rotating aproduct, eliminating the need for an operator to rotate any of thepackages manually, the applicant identified further areas ofimprovement.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

In particular, it is an aim of the present invention providing aconveyor with ability to rotate articles and yet characterized by ahigher operation reliability.

A further object of the invention is that of providing a conveyor havingmodular rotatable portions which are easy to assemble and which ensureat the same time a stable connection among the sub-elements forming therotatable portion.

An additional object is that of providing a conveyor provided with anactuation system designed for causing a controlled rotation of therotatable portion, which is of compact design and yet able to rotate therotatable parts without requiring high actuation forces.

SUMMARY

A 1^(st) aspect refers to a conveyor belt (2) comprising:

a belt body (13) configured to be positioned along a non-rectilinearpath;at least one rotatable portion (12) coupled to the belt body (13) andconfigured to turn relative to the belt body (13);wherein the rotatable portion (12) comprises a plurality of sub-elements(17), with each one of said sub-elements being rotatably connected to anadjacent sub-element and having:

-   -   a top face (17 a),    -   a bottom face (17 b),    -   first opposite side portions (17 c) extending between the top        and the bottom faces of each sub-element, and    -   second opposite side portions (17 d) extending between the top        and the bottom faces of each sub-element,        each one of the sub-elements (17) further comprising:    -   one or more first annular features (19) at each of the first        opposite side portions (17 c),    -   one or more second annular features (20) at each the second        opposite side portions (17 d),        wherein the first annular features (19) of a sub-element mate        with the first annular features (19) or with the second annular        features (20) of an adjacent sub-element form a coupling seat        (21) located between the two adjacent sub-elements and extending        along an axis of rotation,        and        wherein at least one pin (22) is inserted in said coupling seat        (21) formed between the two adjacent sub-elements to rotatably        connect the two adjacent sub-elements (17).

In a 2nd aspect according to the preceding aspect each sub-element (17)comprises a plurality of first annular features (19) emerging from eachone of the respective first side portions (17 c) and a plurality ofsecond annular features (20) emerging from each one of the respectivesecond side portions (17 d) of the same sub-element.

In a 3rd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects each ofsaid sub-elements (17) has four side portions defined by two firstopposite side portions (17 c) and by two opposite second side portions(17 d), and wherein, for each of said sub-elements:

-   -   the first annular features (19) emerging from a same first side        portion (17 c) are coaxially aligned along a respective axis of        rotation, and    -   the second annular features (20) emerging from a same second        side portion (17 d) are coaxially aligned along a respective        axis of rotation.

In a 4th aspect according to one of the preceding aspects the secondannular features (20) emerging from a same second side portion (17 d)are perpendicular to the first annular features (19) emerging from anadjacent first side portion (17 c).

In a 5th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects each oneof said sub-elements (17) comprises at least one lock protrusions (25)for at least one of said first and second side portions (17 c, 17 d),wherein said lock portion (25) extends parallel to at least one of saidfirst and second side portion (17 c, 17 d).

In an 6th aspect of the preceding aspect said lock protrusions (25)extends parallel to an axis of rotation defined by the first or secondannular features (19, 20).

In a 7th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects eachsub-element (17) of said plurality is coupled with at least onelongitudinally adjacent sub-element and with at least one transversallyadjacent sub-element.

In a 8th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects eachsub-element (17) comprises at least two axial stops (24), wherein eachaxial stop (24) defines an axial abutment for the pin (22) inserted inthe coupling seat formed between two adjacent sub-elements (17).

In a 9th aspect according to the preceding aspect each axial stop (24)is structurally carried by one of the first annular features or by thefirst side portion or by a corner region of the sub element where onethe first side portions meets one of the second side portions.

In a 10th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects eachsub-element (17) includes a four sided prismatic central body having areticular structure.

In a 11th aspect according to the preceding aspect the central body hasa multiplicity of through passages that put in fluid communication thebottom face (17 b) and the top face (17 a) of the sub-element (17).

In a 12th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects the firstannular features (19) of a sub-element mate with the second annularfeatures (20) of an adjacent sub-element forming a coupling seat (21)located between the two adjacent sub-elements and extending along anaxis of rotation.

In a 13th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects in eachone of said sub-elements:

-   -   the first annular features (19) emerging from each first side        portion (17 c) are one more in number of the second annular        features (20) emerging from each second side portion (17 d),    -   the first annular features (19) emerging from each first side        portion (17 c) are equal in number to the first annular features        (19) emerging from the opposite first side portion (17 c),    -   the second annular features (20) emerging from each second side        portion (17 d) are equal in number to the second annular        features (20) emerging from the opposite second side portion (17        d).

In a 14th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects, whereineach one of said sub-elements (17) comprises two lock protrusions (25),one for each one of said first opposite side portions (17 c), whereineach lock protrusion (25) extends parallel to the respective first sideportion (17 c) and according to a direction opposite to that of theother lock protrusion (25) of the same sub-element (17).

In a 15th aspect of the preceding aspect each one of said protrusions(25) extends parallel to an axis of rotation defined by the firstannular features (19) of a same side portion.

In a 16th aspect according the 14th or 15th aspect in each one of saidsub-elements (17):

-   -   the first annular features (19) emerging from one first side        portion (17 c) comprise a terminal first annular feature which        carries one respective lock protrusion (25) extending        transversally to said terminal first annular feature and away        from the first annular features of the same first side portion,    -   the first annular features (19) emerging from the opposite first        side portion (17 c) comprise another terminal first annular        feature which carries one respective protrusion (25) extending        transversally to said terminal first annular feature of the        opposite first side portion and away from first annular features        of the same first side portion,    -   wherein said lock protrusions (25) extend substantially parallel        to each other and in opposite directions from the respective        terminal first annular feature.

In a 17th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects eachsub-element (17) of said plurality is coupled to at least two adjacentsub-elements either according to a first coupling mode or according to asecond coupling mode;

wherein if the sub-element is in the first coupling mode, then saidsub-element:

-   -   is coupled with a longitudinally adjacent sub-element, with        first annular features (19) of the sub-element mating with        second annular features (20) of the longitudinally adjacent        sub-element forming one transverse coupling seat extending        between the sub-element and the longitudinally adjacent        sub-element,    -   is coupled with a transversally adjacent sub-element, with        second annular features (20) of the sub-element mating with        first annular features (19) of the transversally adjacent        sub-element forming one longitudinal coupling seat extending        between the sub-element and the transversally adjacent        sub-element;        or if the sub-element is in the second coupling mode, then said        sub-element:    -   is coupled with a longitudinally adjacent sub-element, with        second annular features (20) of the sub-element mating with        first annular features (19) of the longitudinally adjacent        sub-element forming one transverse coupling seat extending        between the sub-element and the longitudinally adjacent        sub-element,    -   is coupled with a transversally adjacent sub-element, with first        annular features (19) of the sub-element mating with second        annular features (20) of the transversally adjacent sub-element        forming one longitudinal coupling seat extending between the        sub-element and the transversally adjacent sub-element.

In a 18th aspect according to the preceding aspect said at least one pin(22) comprises at least one transverse pin inserted in each one of saidtransverse coupling seats and at least one longitudinal pin inserted ineach one of said longitudinal coupling seats.

In a 19th aspect according to the aspect 17th or 18th the conveyor beltcomprises a plurality of sub-elements in the first coupling mode and aplurality of sub-elements in the second coupling mode, wherein thesub-elements in the first coupling mode are longitudinally andtransversally alternated by a sub-elements in the second coupling mode.

In a 20th aspect according to the aspect 17th or 18th or 19thlongitudinally aligned sub-elements form lines of sub-elementspresenting coaxial longitudinal coupling seats and transversally alignedsub-elements form rows of sub-elements presenting coaxial transversalcoupling seats, such that the rotatable portion (12) is capable ofbending and follow the non-linear path of the belt body.

In a 21st aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the17th to the 20th each given sub-element (17) of the plurality ofsub-elements positioned in the first coupling mode has:

-   -   one of its lock protrusions (25) acting as an axial lock against        extraction of the pin (22) inserted in the coupling seat (21)        defined between a further sub-element, longitudinally adjacent        to the given sub-element, and an additional sub-element        transversally adjacent to the further-sub-element, and/or        each given sub-element (17) of the plurality of sub-elements        positioned in the second coupling mode having:    -   one of its lock protrusions (25) acting as an axial lock against        extraction of the pin (22) inserted in the coupling seat defined        between a further sub-element, transversally adjacent to the        given sub-element, and an additional sub-element longitudinally        adjacent to the further-sub-element.

In a 22nd aspect according to the preceding aspect said one lockprotrusion (25) of each given sub-element (17) positioned in the firstcoupling mode is configured to act as axial lock against extraction ofthe pin (22) only when the given sub-element and the longitudinallyadjacent sub-element are coplanar or inclined the one with respect tothe other of a prefixed acute angle, while allowing extraction of thepin (22) when the given sub-element and the longitudinally adjacentsub-element are inclined the one with respect to the other of an anglegreater than said prefixed acute angle,

and/orsaid one lock protrusion (25) of each given sub-element positioned inthe second coupling mode is configured to act as axial lock againstextraction of the pin (22) only when the given sub-element and thetransversally adjacent sub-element are coplanar or inclined the one withrespect to the other of a prefixed acute angle, while allowingextraction of the pin (22) when the given sub-element and thetransversally adjacent sub-element are inclined the one with respect tothe other of an angle greater than said prefixed acute angle.

In a 23rd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the12th to the 22th each one of said sub-elements (17) has centrallysymmetric structure, optionally all sub-elements (17) of said pluralityof sub elements are structurally identical.

In a 24th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the1st to the 11th, the first annular features (19) of a sub-element matewith the first annular features (19) of an adjacent sub-element forminga coupling seat (21) located between the two adjacent sub-elements andextending along an axis of rotation, and

the second annular features (20) of a sub-element mate with the secondannular features (20) of an adjacent sub-element forming a coupling seat(21) located between the two adjacent sub-elements and extending alongan axis of rotation.

In a 25th aspect according to the preceding aspect in each one of saidsub-elements:

-   -   the first annular features (19) emerging from one first side        portion (17 c) are one more in number of the first annular        features (19) emerging from the opposite first side portion (17        c),    -   the second annular features (20) emerging from one second side        portion (17 d) are one more in number of the second annular        features (20) emerging from the other opposite second side        portion (17 d).

In a 26th aspect according to the preceding aspect the first annularfeatures (19) emerging from one first side portion (17 c) are equal innumber to the second annular features (20) emerging from one adjacentsecond side portion (17 d).

In a 27th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the1st to the 11th, wherein each one of said sub-elements (17) comprisestwo lock protrusions (25), one for one first side portion (17 c) and onefor one adjacent second side portion (17 d), wherein each lockprotrusion (25) extends parallel to the respective first and second sideportion (17 c, 17 d) and according to a direction intersecting that ofthe other lock protrusion (25) of the same sub-element (17).

In a 28th aspect according to the preceding aspect the lock protrusion(25) of the first side portion (17 c) extends parallel to an axis ofrotation defined by the first annular features (19), while the lockprotrusion (25) of the second side portion (17 d) extends parallel to anaxis of rotation defined by the second annular features (20).

In a 29th aspect according to the 27th or 28th aspect wherein in eachone of said sub-elements (17):

-   -   the first annular features (19) emerging from one of said        opposite first side portion (17 c) comprise a terminal first        annular feature which carries the respective lock protrusion        (25) extending transversally to said terminal first annular        feature and away from the first annular features of the same        first side portion,    -   the second annular features (20) emerging from one of said        opposite second side portion (17 d), adjacent with the first        side portion (17 c) carrying the first annular features (19),        comprise a terminal second annular feature which carries one        respective lock protrusion (25) extending transversally to said        terminal second annular feature and away from second annular        features of the same first side portion,    -   wherein said lock protrusions (25) extend transversally,        optionally perpendicular, to each other and in intersecting        directions from the respective terminal first and second annular        feature.

In a 30th aspect according to any one of aspects from the 27th to the30th said two lock protrusions (25) join together forming a single pieceplaced at the corner of two adjacent first and second side portions.

In a 31st aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects eachsub-element (17) of said plurality is coupled to at least one adjacentsub-elements in a single coupling mode wherein said plurality ofsub-elements presents the same orientation.

In a 32nd aspect according to any one of the aspects from the 24th tothe 31st wherein the conveyor belt comprises:

-   -   a plurality of sub-elements longitudinally aligned in order to        form lines of sub-elements presenting coaxial longitudinal        coupling seats, and    -   a plurality of sub-elements transversally aligned in order to        form rows of sub-elements presenting coaxial transversal        coupling seats,        the rotatable portion (12) being capable of bending and follow        the non-linear path of the belt body.

In a 33rd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the24th to the 32nd each given sub-element (17) of the plurality ofsub-elements has:

-   -   one lock protrusions (25) acting as an axial lock against        extraction of the pin (22) inserted in the coupling seat (21)        defined between a longitudinally adjacent sub-element, and    -   one lock protrusions (25) acting as an axial lock against        extraction of the pin (22) inserted in the coupling seat (21)        defined between a transversally adjacent sub-element.

In a 34th aspect according to the preceding aspect each lock protrusions(25) of each given sub-element (17) is configured to act as axial lockagainst extraction of the respective pin (22) only when the givensub-element and the adjacent sub-element are coplanar or inclined theone with respect to the other of a prefixed acute angle, while allowingextraction of the pin (22) when the given sub-element and the adjacentsub-element are inclined the one with respect to the other of an anglegreater than said prefixed acute angle.

In a 35th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the24th to the 34th each one of said sub-elements (17) has diagonalsymmetric structure, in particular wherein all sub-elements (17) of saidplurality of sub elements are structurally identical.

In a 36th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects eachrotatable portion (12) comprises a plurality of perimeter bodies (18)defining a peripheral edge of the rotatable portion (12) encircling theplurality of interconnected sub-elements (17).

In a 37th aspect according to the preceding aspect each one of saidperimeter bodies (18) is connected with at least one of saidsub-elements (17) and presents a radially external side of curved shape,and wherein the perimeter bodies (18) are positioned in side by siderelationship and provide the rotatable portion (12) with a peripheraledge of circular shape.

In a 38th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects the beltbody (13) and the rotatable portion (12) have a respective top surface(14, 15) configured to receive articles to be conveyed, and the topsurface (15) of the rotatable portion (12) positions in alignment withthe top surface (14) of the belt body (13).

In a 39th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects the beltbody (13) has an aperture (16) configured for receiving the rotatableportion (12), the belt body aperture is shaped as the peripheral edge ofthe rotatable portion (12), and the rotatable portion (12) is rotatableabout an axis perpendicular to a top surface (14) of the belt body (13).

In a 40th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects therotatable portion (12) comprises one or more driving pieces (26)emerging from a bottom side of the rotatable portion (12), said drivingpieces (26) being optionally carried by perimeter bodies (18) of therotatable portion (12).

In a 41st aspect a conveyor (1) is provided comprising:

-   -   a conveyor belt (2) according to positioned according to a        closed path thereby forming an endless conveyor belt,    -   at least one drive roller engaging an inner side of the conveyor        belt (2), wherein the conveyor belt (2) and the rotatable        portion (12) are bendable around the drive roller.

In a 42nd aspect the conveyor according to the preceding aspect uses theconveyor belt (2) of aspect 40th, wherein the conveyor (1) furthercomprises a control mechanism (100) configured to act on said one ormore driving pieces (26) and, following a displacement of the conveyorbelt body along said predetermined path, cause a rotation of therotatable portion (12) by 90° or multiples thereof.

In a 43rd aspect a conveyor (1) is provided comprising:

-   -   a support frame (3),    -   a conveyor belt (2), carried by the support frame (3),        configured to move at least one article (P) along an advancement        direction (A) on a planar operative tract (2 a), said conveyor        belt (2) comprising:        -   a belt body (13),        -   at least one rotatable portion (12) coupled to the belt body            (13) and configured to turn relative to the belt body (13),    -   wherein the rotatable portion (12) has a top surface (15)        configured to receive said article (P), the rotatable portion        (12), during the movement of the article (P) along the        advancement direction (A), being configured to turn relative to        the belt body (13) at least between two angularly offset        positions,    -   wherein the rotatable portion (12) comprises at least one        driving piece (26) emerging from a bottom surface (55) of the        rotatable portion (12) opposite to said top surface (15),    -   a control mechanism (100) carried by the support frame (3), the        control mechanism being configured to act on said driving piece        (26) and, following a displacement of the belt body (13) along        said advancement direction (A), cause a rotation of the        rotatable portion (12) between said two angularly offset        positions.

In a 44th aspect according to the preceding aspect the control mechanism(100) comprises at least one guide (101) developing on a plane parallelto the operative tract (2 a) of the conveyor belt (2) and extendingalong a predetermined operative path, said guide (101) being configuredto drive the driving piece (26) along the predetermined operative pathduring displacement of the belt body (13) along said advancementdirection (A), causing the rotation of the article (P).

In a 45th aspect according to the 43rd or 44th aspect the guide (101)exhibits a transverse extension (101 _(T)), measured along a directionperpendicular to the advancement direction (A), greater than 0.75 of alongitudinal extension (101 _(L)) of the same guide measured parallel tothe advancement direction (A).

In a 46th aspect according to the preceding aspect the ratio between thetransversal extension (101 _(T)) and the longitudinal extension (101_(L)) of the guide (101) is equal to or greater than 1.1, optionallycomprised between 1.1 and 2, more optionally comprised between 1.1 and1.5.

In a 47th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 46th the guide (101) of the control mechanism (100) isconfigured to act on said driving piece (26) and, following apredetermined displacement of the belt body (13) along said advancementdirection (A), cause a rotation of the rotatable portion (12) by 90° ormultiples thereof.

In a 48th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 47th the rotatable portion (12) exhibits a predeterminedtransversal size measured perpendicularly to the advancement direction(A), wherein the transversal extension (101 _(T)) of the guide (101) issubstantially half the predetermined transversal size of the rotatableportion (12).

In a 49th aspect according to the preceding aspect the ratio between thelongitudinal extension (101 _(L)) of the guide (101) and the transversalsize of the rotatable portion (12) is less than 0.6, optionally is lessthan 0.5, more optionally is comprised between 0.4 and 0.2.

In a 50th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 49th wherein the operative path of the guide (101) exhibits,for at least of a tract of the path, a curved profile, optionallydefines a parabolic curve.

In a 51st aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 50th the driving piece (26) is located at a peripheral edgeof the rotatable portion (12)

In a 52nd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 51st:

-   -   the guide (101) extends between a first and a second end portion        (101 b, 101 c),    -   the first end portion (101 b) of the guide (101) extends        underneath the peripheral edge of the rotatable portion (12),    -   the second portion (101 c) of the guide (101) extends underneath        a central portion of the rotatable portion (12),        wherein the guide (101) cooperates with the driving piece (26)        and, following a displacement of the belt body (13) along said        advancement direction, cause a rotation of the rotatable portion        (12) by 90° or multiples thereof.

In a 53rd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 52nd the control mechanism (100) comprises at least oneauxiliary guide (104) developing on a plane parallel to the operativetract (2 a) of the conveyor belt (2) and extending along a respectivepredetermined operative path.

In a 54th aspect according to the preceding aspect the auxiliary guide(104) exhibits a longitudinal extension (104 _(L)), measured parallel tothe advancement direction (A), greater than a transversal extension (104_(T)) of the same guide measured perpendicularly to the advancementdirection (A).

In a 55th aspect according to the 53rd or 54th aspect the controlmechanism (100) includes:

-   -   at least a first driving piece (26 a) emerging from the bottom        surface (55) of the rotatable portion (12), the guide (101)        being configured to drive the first driving piece (26 a) along        its predetermined operative path following the displacement of        the belt body (13) along said advancement direction (A), causing        the rotation of the article (P),    -   at least a second driving piece (26 b), emerging from the bottom        surface (55) of the rotatable portion (12), positioned at least        90° apart the first driving piece (26 a), said auxiliary guide        (104) being configured to drive the second driving piece (26)        along its respective predetermined operative path during the        displacement of the belt body (13) along said advancement        direction (A), causing the rotation of the article (P).

In a 56th aspect according to the preceding aspect the control mechanismis configured such that the auxiliary guide (104) engages the seconddriving piece (26 b) before the first driving piece (26) engages saidguide (101).

In a 57th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the54th to the 56th the ratio between the longitudinal extension (104 _(L))and the transversal extension (104 _(T)) of the auxiliary guide (104) isgreater than 1.5, optionally equal or greater than 2, more optionallycomprised between 2 and 4.

In a 58th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the54th to the 57th the ratio between the longitudinal extension (104 _(L))of the auxiliary guide (104) and the transversal size of the rotatableportion (12) is comprised between 0.8 and 1.2, optionally thelongitudinal extension (104 _(L)) of the auxiliary guide (104) is equalto the transversal size of the rotatable portion (12).

In a 59th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the53rd to the 58th the auxiliary guide (104) is distinct and spaced withrespect the guide (101).

In a 60th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the53rd to the 59th the auxiliary guide (104) is spaced from the guide(101) in a direction perpendicular to the advancement direction (A).

In a 61st aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the53rd to the 60th the auxiliary guide (104) is spaced from the guide(101) both in a direction perpendicular to the advancement direction (A)and in a direction parallel to the advancement direction (A).

In a 62nd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the53rd to the 61st the belt body presents two longitudinally adjacenttransversal halves, and the guide (101) extends underneath one of thetwo transversal halves of the belt body (13) while the auxiliary guide(104) extends underneath the other of the two transversal halves of thebelt body (13).

In a 63rd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the53rd to the 62nd the respective predetermined operative path of theauxiliary guide (104) defines, for at least of a tract of said path, acurved profile.

In a 64th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 63rd the curved profile, optionally the parabolic curve, ofthe predetermined operative path of the guide (101) has a pre-determinedconcavity oriented towards a lateral edge of the belt body (13).

In a 65th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the63rd to the 64th the curved profile of the respective operative path ofthe auxiliary guide (104) has a respective concavity oriented towardsthe same lateral edge of the belt body (13)

In a 66th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from 43rdto 65th said control mechanism (100) comprises:

-   -   at least one first guide (102) extending along a first operative        path,    -   at least a second guide (103) extending along a second operative        path,        wherein each one of said first and second guides (102, 103)        exhibits a curved profile, optionally a substantially parabolic        profile, with concavity directed to the same side. In a 67th        aspect according to the preceding aspect the operative paths of        the first and second guide (102, 103) join at a common end point        and are substantially symmetrical with respect to a direction        perpendicular to the advancement direction (A).

In a 68th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from 43rdto 67th wherein the control mechanism comprises:

-   -   at least one first auxiliary guide (105) extending along a first        operative path,    -   at least a second auxiliary guide (106) extending along a second        operative path, wherein the first operating path of the first        auxiliary guide intersects with the second operating path of the        second auxiliary guide.

In a 69th aspect according to the preceding aspect the rotatable portion(12) comprises four driving pieces (26 a, 26 b, 26 c, 26 d) positioned90° apart the one from the other and emerging from the bottom surface(55) of the rotatable portion (12). In a 70th aspect according to thepreceding aspect each driving piece is configured to cooperate with oneof the guides between:

-   -   the first guide (102),    -   the second guide (103),    -   the first auxiliary guide (105),    -   the second auxiliary guide (106);        the first and second guides (102, 103) together with the first        and second auxiliary guides (105, 106), during the displacement        of the belt body (13) along said advancement direction (A), are        configured to cooperate with the four driving pieces (26 a, 26        b, 26 c, 26 d) of the rotatable portion (12), causing rotation        of this latter.

In a 71st aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from 43rdto 70th the belt body (13) has a top surface (14) which positions inalignment with the top surface (15) of the rotatable portion (12).

In a 72nd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from 43rdto 71st the belt body (13) has an aperture (16) configured for receivingthe rotatable portion (12), wherein the belt body aperture is shaped asthe peripheral edge of the rotatable portion (12).

In a 73rd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from 43rdto 72nd the frame (3) extends along a first and second oppositelongitudinal ends (1 a, 1 b), the frame (3) supports a turning assembly(7) at each of said first and second longitudinal ends of the conveyor(1), the conveyor belt (2) being engaged around the two turningassemblies (7) and configured according to a closed loop thereby formingan endless conveyor belt (2).

In a 74th aspect according to the preceding aspect at least one of theturning assemblies (7) is connected to a motor (8) in order to receiverotational power from the motor (8) and turn it into advancementmovement of the conveyor belt (2).

In a 75th aspect of the 73rd or 74th aspect each turning assembly (7)comprises:

-   -   a turning shaft (9) carrying at least one sprocket (10),        engaging the bottom surface (55) of the conveyor belt (2), and    -   one or more central support disks (11) designed and positioned        to support a central zone of the conveyor belt (2).

In a 76th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 75th the rotatable portion (12) is engaged to a belt body(13) segment such that when this belt body segment is planar also theassociated rotating portion (12) is planar but can turn relatively tothe belt body (13) according to a rotation axis (R) perpendicular to thebelt body segment.

In a 77th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 76th the control mechanism (100) comprises:

-   -   a base plate (120) parallel to the operative tract (2 a) of the        conveyor belt (2),    -   a plurality of longitudinally adjacent blocks (122, 123, 124,        125, 126) emerging from the base plate (120) having sides which        form the first and second guides and/or the first and second        auxiliary guides,    -   one or more activating elements (130, 135) cooperating with one        the longitudinally adjacent blocks and selectively serving to        deviate the trajectory of pieces (26) interacting with the        control mechanism (100).

In a 78th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 77th the control mechanism (100) comprises at least onebetween:

-   -   two first guides (102) symmetrical to a line passing through the        centre of the belt body and developing parallel to the        advancement direction A;    -   two second guides (103) symmetrical to a line passing through        the centre of the belt body and developing parallel to the        advancement direction (A).

In a 79th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 78th the control mechanism (100) comprises at least onebetween:

-   -   a first activating element (130) relatively movable with respect        the support frame (3) and configured to guide the driving piece        (26) into one of said two first guides (102), and    -   a second activating element (135) relatively movable with        respect the support frame (3) and configured to guide the        driving piece (26) into one of said two second guides (103).

In a 80th aspect according to the preceding aspect said activatingelement or each one of said activating elements (130, 135) is movablealong a direction perpendicular to the operative tract (2 a) of theconveyor belt (2) at least between:

-   -   one lower position in which it is configured to allow        undisturbed passage of the driving piece (26),    -   one upper position in which it is configured to contact the        driving piece and direct it onto the respective guide.

In a 81st aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 80th the control mechanism (100) comprises:

-   -   at least one sliding block (140) relatively movable with respect        the support frame (3) and configured to guide the driving piece        (26) into one auxiliary guide,    -   optionally a further sliding block (145) relatively movable with        respect the support frame (3) and configured to guide the        driving piece (26) into another auxiliary guide.

In a 82nd aspect according to the preceding aspect the sliding block(140) or each one of said sliding blocks (140, 145) is movable along anhorizontal direction parallel to the operative tract (2 a) of theconveyor belt (2) and perpendicular with respect the advancementdirection (A) at least between:

-   -   one inactive position in which sliding block allows undisturbed        passage of the driving piece (26),    -   one active position in which the sliding block directs the        driving piece into the respective auxiliary guide.

In a 83rd aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from the43rd to the 82nd the conveyor belt (2) is of the type according to anyone of the preceding aspects from the 1st to the 40th.

In a 84th aspect is provided a packaging apparatus (200) comprising:

-   -   at least one conveyor (1) according to any one of the preceding        aspect;    -   at least one sealing station (201) configured to apply a sealing        film to the article to be packaged in a 85th aspect according to        the preceding aspect the conveyor (1) is configured to:    -   convey articles to be packaged to the sealing station (201), or    -   receive packages exiting the sealing station (201).

In a 86th aspect according to the 84th or 85th aspect the packagingapparatus (200) further comprising a control unit (50) configured tosynchronize movement of the conveyor (1) with the sealing processperformed by the sealing station (201).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Some embodiments and some aspects of the invention will be describedhereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, provided forindicative and therefore not limiting purposes, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conveyor using a conveyor belt,according to aspects of the invention;

FIG. 2 shows the conveyor of FIG. 1 without the conveyor belt;

FIG. 3 shows the conveyor of FIG. 2 under a different perspective angle;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the conveyor of FIGS. 2 and 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view an endless conveyor belt according toaspects of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the conveyor belt of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a detailed perspective view of the top side of a rotatableportion of the conveyor belt of FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIG. 8 is a detailed perspective view of the bottom side of a rotatableportion of the conveyor belt of FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIGS. 9-13 schematically show the trajectories taken by four drivingpieces carried by the rotatable portion of the conveyor belt duringsubsequent phases of rotation of the rotatable portion;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view from top of a sub-element forming part ofthe rotatable portion of FIGS. 7 and 8;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view from bottom of a sub-element forming partof the rotatable portion of FIGS. 7 and 8;

FIG. 16 is top view of a sub-element forming part of the rotatableportion of FIGS. 7 and 8;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view from bottom of four interconnectedsub-elements forming part of the rotatable portion of FIGS. 7 and 8;

FIG. 18 is top view of the four interconnected sub-elements of FIG. 17;and

FIG. 19 is a perspective exploded view of the four interconnectedsub-elements of FIG. 17;

FIGS. 19A and 19B schematically show mounting phases of sevensub-elements of the rotatable portion;

FIG. 19c is a prospective view of the seven interconnected sub-elementsafter the mounting phase;

FIG. 19D is a cross-section of interconnected sub-elements;

FIGS. 20A and 20B are perspective view of a further embodiment ofsub-element forming part of the rotatable portion;

FIGS. 20C and 20D schematically show mounting phases of sevensub-elements according to FIGS. 20A and 20B;

FIG. 20E is a prospective view of the seven interconnected sub-elementsof FIGS. 20C and 20D after the mounting phase;

FIG. 20F is a cross-section of interconnected sub-elements;

FIG. 21 is a schematic top view of a packaging apparatus comprising aconveyor according to aspects of the invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic lateral view of a further embodiment of apackaging station comprising a conveyor according to aspects of theinvention.

CONVENTIONS

It should be noted that in the present detailed description,corresponding parts illustrated in the various figures are indicatedwith the same reference numerals. The figures could illustrate theobject of the invention by means of non-scale representations;therefore, parts and components shown in the figures relating to theobject of the invention could only concern schematic representations.

Definitions

Packaging

The invention may find application for packaging a product into apackaging solely formed of one or more plastic films, or for packagingof a product positioned on a support to which a plastic film is heatsealed. Note the product may be a food product or not. As used hereinsupport means either a substantially flat element onto which a productis placed, or a container of the type having a base wall, a side walland a top rim radially emerging from the side wall, the containerdefining a volume into which the product is positioned. The tray orsupports may have a rectangular shape or any other suitable shape, suchas round, square, elliptical etcetera, and may be formed either whilethe packaging process takes place, e.g. at a thermoforming station ofthe packaging apparatus, or they may be manufactured beforehand and thenfed to the packaging apparatus.

Product

The term product refers to an article or a composite of articles of anykind. For example, the product may be of a foodstuff type and be in thesolid, liquid or gel state, i.e. in the form of two or more of theaforementioned aggregation states. In the food sector, the product caninclude: meat, fish, cheese, treated meats, prepared and frozen meals ofvarious kinds.

Control Unit

The apparatus described and claimed herein may include one or morecontrol units, designed to control the operations performed by theapparatus. The control unit can evidently be only one or be formed by aplurality of distinct control units according to the design choices andoperational needs.

The term control unit means an electronic component which can compriseat least one of: a digital processor (for example comprising at leastone selected in the group between: CPU, GPU, GPGPU), a memory (ormemories), an analog circuit, or a combination of one or more digitalprocessing units with one or more analog circuits. The control unit canbe “configured” or “programmed” to perform some steps: this can be donein practice by any means that allows you to configure or program thecontrol unit. For example, in the case of a control unit comprising oneor more CPUs and one or more memories, one or more programs can bestored in appropriate memory banks connected to the CPU or to the CPUs;the program or programs contain instructions which, when executed by theCPU or the CPUs, program or configure the control unit to perform theoperations described in relation to the control unit. Alternatively, ifthe control unit is or includes analog circuitry, then the control unitcircuit may be designed to include configured circuitry in use toprocess electrical signals so as to perform the steps related to controlunit. The control unit may comprise one or more digital units, forexample of the microprocessor type, or one or more analog units, or asuitable combination of digital and analog units; the control unit canbe configured to coordinate all the actions necessary for executing aninstruction and instruction sets.

Actuator

The term actuator means any device capable of causing movement on abody, for example under the control of the control unit. The actuatorcan be of an electric, pneumatic, mechanical type, or of another type.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

With reference to the attached figures, reference numeral 1 identifies aconveyor according to aspects of the invention. The conveyor 1 comprisesa conveyor belt 2 mounted on a frame 3. As shown in the exemplifyingembodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4, the frame 3 may for example comprise anumber of legs 4 having, at a bottom end, feet 5 designed to contact theground and carrying, at a top end, a support panel 6 on eachlongitudinal side of the conveyor 1. The frame 3, and specifically thepanels 6 support a turning assembly 7 at each of the oppositelongitudinal ends of the conveyor 1. The conveyor belt 2 is engagedaround the two turning assemblies 7 and configured according to a closedloop thereby forming an endless conveyor belt 2. Although in the exampleshown, only two turning assemblies are shown, it is evident to theskilled person that three or more turning assemblies 7 could beenvisaged depending upon the length and shape of the non-rectilinearpath to be followed by the conveyor belt 2. Moreover, at least one ofthe turning assemblies 7 is connected to a motor 8 in order to receiverotational power from the motor 8 and turn it into advancement movementof the conveyor belt 2. In the example shown in FIGS. 1-4, each turningassembly 7 (see in particular FIGS. 2-4) comprises a turning shaft 9carrying a number of rotating elements, namely at least one sprocket 10engaging a bottom surface 55 of the conveyor belt 2 and one or morecentral support disks 11 designed and positioned to support a centralzone of the conveyor belt. It is however not excluded that the turningassembly 7 may comprise a roller. In detail, the conveyor belt 2 isconfigured to receive and move at least one article P along anadvancement direction A on a planar operative tract 2 a (see FIG. 5). Asshown in FIGS. 1, 5 and 6, the conveyor belt 2 comprises at least onerotatable portion 12 coupled to a belt body 13 of the conveyor belt 2:in the example shown in the appended figures the conveyor belt 2comprises two rotatable portions 12. Each rotatable portion 12 isconfigured to turn relative to the belt body 13: in practice, therotatable portion 12 is engaged to a belt body segment such that whenthis belt body segment is planar also the associated rotating portion 12is planar but can turn relatively to the belt body according to arotation axis R perpendicular to the belt body segment. Furthermore, thebelt body segment top surface 14 and the top surface 15 of the associaterotatable portion 12 are both configured to receive articles P (seeFIG. 1) to be conveyed and are positioned in mutual alignment and thuswhen the belt body segment carrying the rotatable portion 12 is planarthe top surfaces 14 and 15 are co-planar: in other words each segment ofthe belt body 13 where a rotatable portion 12 is present has an aperture16 configured for receiving the rotatable portion 12 whereby the topsurface 15 of said rotating portion 12 is flush with the top surface 14of the respective belt body segment.

In accordance with an aspect, and making specific reference to FIGS. 7,8 and 14 to 19, it is noted that each rotatable portion 12 comprises aplurality of sub-elements 17 wherein each one of the sub-elements 17 ofthe rotatable portion 12 is rotatably connected to an adjacentsub-element 17. In FIGS. 7 and 8 an ideal line L represents thelongitudinal direction while an ideal line T, perpendicular to line L,represents the transverse direction: making reference to thelongitudinal direction L and to the transverse direction T, it ispossible to see that each one of the sub-elements 17 of the rotatableportion 12 is rotatably connected to at least one longitudinallyadjacent sub-element (i.e., to a sub element which is adjacent in thelongitudinal direction L) and to a transversally adjacent sub-element(i.e., to a sub-element which is adjacent in the transverse direction).More in detail, the more central sub-elements 17 are each surrounded byfour other sub-elements: namely two longitudinal adjacent sub-elementsand two transversally adjacent sub-elements, while the more peripheralsub-elements 17 are connected with only two or three adjacentsub-elements and with perimeter bodies 18, as clearly visible in FIGS. 7and 8.

Going into further detail of the structure of each sub-element 17, it isnoted that each sub-element 17 presents a top face 17 a, a bottom face17 b, first opposite side portions 17 c extending between the top andthe bottom faces of each sub-element, and second opposite side portions17 d extending between the top and the bottom faces of each sub-element(see FIGS. 14-16, 20A and 20B). In one aspect, each sub-element 17includes a four sided prismatic central body having a reticularstructure with a multiplicity of through passages that put in fluidcommunication the bottom face 17 b and the top face 17 a of thesub-element 17, thereby being adapted to support any type of article andat the same time offering escape passages for the drainage of liquids.In accordance with a further aspect, each one of said sub-elements 17may have a centrally symmetric structure. Moreover, in accordance with apossible aspect, all sub-elements 17 of the rotatable portion 12 arestructurally identical, such that they may be easily manufactured usinga single mould type.

Each one of the sub-elements 17 further comprises one or more firstannular features 19 at each of the first opposite side portions 17 c,and one or more second annular features 20 at each the second oppositeside portions 17 d: in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 14-20F, eachannular feature 19, 20 is a ring emerging orthogonal to the respectiveside portion.

In a first embodiment shown in FIGS. 14-19D, the first annular features19 of a sub-element 17 mate with the second annular 20 features of anadjacent sub-element (see FIG. 17) forming a coupling seat 21 betweenthe two coupled adjacent sub-elements. The coupling seat 21 of twotransversally adjacent sub-elements 17 extends along an axis of rotationA_(L) parallel to the longitudinal direction L, while the coupling seatof two longitudinally adjacent sub-elements 17 extends along an axis ofrotation A_(T) which parallel to the transverse direction T; at leastone pin 22 is inserted in the coupling seat 21 formed between the twoadjacent sub-elements 17 to rotatably connect the same two adjacentsub-elements.

As it is visible from the drawings, each sub-element 17 comprises aplurality of first annular features 19 (for example three or more)emerging from each one of the respective first side portions 17 c and aplurality of second annular features 20 (for example 2 or more) emergingfrom each one of the respective second side portions 17 d of the samesub-element 17: in particular, the first annular features 19 may be onemore in number than the second annular features 20 such that when matingthe first annular features of one sub-element with the second annularfeatures of an adjacent sub-element the second annular features 20 seatin the spaces 23 defined between the first annular features 19. In theexamples shown, each sub-element 17 has four side portions defined bytwo first opposite side portions 17 c and by two opposite second sideportions 17 d: in this case, the first annular features 19 emerging froma same first side portion 17 c are coaxially aligned along a respectiveaxis of rotation A_(L) or A_(T), while the second annular features 20emerging from a same second side portion 17 d are coaxially alignedalong a respective axis of rotation A_(T) or A_(L); in particular, thesecond annular features 20 emerging from a same second side portion 17 dare perpendicular the same side portion and to the first annularfeatures 19 emerging perpendicularly to an adjacent first side portion17 c.

As explained above for the first embodiment of the sub-elements,adjacent sub-elements 17 are mutually coupled by mating the firstannular features 19 of one sub-element with the second annular features20 of an adjacent sub-element to form the coupling seat 21 where the pin22 is inserted. In order to avoid extraction of the pin 22 from thecoupling seat 21 each sub-element 17 comprises two lock protrusions 25and two axial stops 24: in practice, each sub-element carries a lockprotrusion 25 and an axial stop 24 for each one of its first oppositeside portions 17 c, as it will be described in greater detail hereinbelow.

Each lock protrusion 25 extends parallel to the respective first sideportion 17 c and according to a direction opposite to that of the otherlock protrusion 25 present in the same sub-element and associated to theopposite first side portion 17 c; in particular, each protrusion 25extends parallel to an axis of rotation A_(L) or A_(T) defined by thefirst annular features 19 of a same side portion: as it is visible inFIGS. 14-16 the first annular features 19 emerging from one first sideportion 17 c comprise a terminal first annular feature which carries onerespective lock protrusion 25 extending transversally to said terminalfirst annular feature and away from the first annular features of thesame first side portion; moreover, the first annular features 19emerging from the opposite first side portion comprise another terminalfirst annular feature which carries one respective lock protrusion 25extending transversally to said terminal first annular feature of theopposite first side portion and away from first annular features of thesame first side portion. The two lock protrusions 25 of the samesub-element 17 extend in practice substantially parallel to each otherand in opposite directions from the respective terminal first annularfeature 19.

In order to understand to operation of the protrusions 25, it should benoted that each sub-element 17 of a same rotatable portion 12 is coupledwith at least one longitudinally adjacent sub-element and with at leastone transversally adjacent sub-element in a first coupling mode or in asecond coupling mode: in practice half of the sub-elements 17 is in thefirst coupling mode while half of the sub-elements 17 is in the secondcoupling mode with the sub-elements in the first coupling mode beinglongitudinally and transversally alternated by a sub-elements in thesecond coupling mode.

To facilitate understanding, in FIG. 17, the sub-elements 17 in thefirst coupling mode have been shaded compared to the sub-elements 17 inthe second coupling mode. As visible from FIG. 17, each sub-element inthe first coupling mode complies with the following coupling conditions:

-   -   is coupled with a longitudinally adjacent sub-element, with        first annular features 19 of the sub-element mating with second        annular features 20 of the longitudinally adjacent sub-element        forming one transverse coupling seat 21T (i.e., one of the seats        21 with axis A_(T) directed parallel to the transverse        direction T) extending between the sub-element and the        longitudinally adjacent sub-element,    -   is coupled with a transversally adjacent sub-element, with        second annular features 20 of the sub-element mating with first        annular features 19 of the transversally adjacent sub-element        forming one longitudinal coupling seat 21L (i.e., one of the        seats 21 with axis A_(L) directed parallel to the longitudinal        direction L) extending between the sub-element and the        transversally adjacent sub-element.

On the other hand, each sub-element 17 in the second coupling modecomplies with the following coupling conditions:

-   -   is coupled with a longitudinally adjacent sub-element, with        second annular features 20 of the sub-element mating with first        annular features 19 of the longitudinally adjacent sub-element        17 forming one transverse coupling seat 21T (i.e., one of the        seats 21 with axis A_(T) directed parallel to the transverse        direction T) extending between the sub-element and the        longitudinally adjacent sub-element,    -   is coupled with a transversally adjacent sub-element, with first        annular features of the sub-element mating with second annular        features of the transversally adjacent sub-element forming one        longitudinal coupling seat 21L (i.e., one of the seats 21 with        axis A_(L) directed parallel to the longitudinal direction L)        extending between the sub-element and the transversally adjacent        sub-element.

At least one transverse pin 22T is inserted in each one of saidtransverse coupling seats 21T and at least one longitudinal pin 22Linserted in each one of said longitudinal coupling seats 21L.

By virtue of the coupling structure among adjacent sub-elements 17described above, longitudinally aligned sub-elements form lines Li ofsub-elements 17 (see FIG. 6) presenting coaxial longitudinal couplingseats and transversally aligned sub-elements form rows Ro ofsub-elements presenting coaxial transversal coupling seats, such thatthe rotatable portion is capable of bending and follow the non-linearpath of the belt body.

Again with reference to FIGS. 14-19D, it should be noted that each givensub-element of the plurality of sub-elements positioned in the firstcoupling mode has one of its protrusions 25 acting as an axial lockagainst extraction of the pin 22 inserted in the coupling seat definedbetween a further sub-element, longitudinally adjacent to the givensub-element, and an additional sub-element transversally adjacent to thefurther sub-element.

On the other hand, each given sub-element of the plurality ofsub-elements positioned in the second coupling mode has one of itsprotrusions 25 acting as an axial lock against extraction of the pin 22inserted in the coupling seat defined between a further sub-element,transversally adjacent to the given sub-element, and an additionalsub-element longitudinally adjacent to the further-sub-element.

In practice, each protrusion 25 carried by a given sub-element 17prevents extraction of the pin interacting between two other neighboringsub-elements.

In order to allow insertion and extraction when needed of the pin 22 theprotrusions 25 of each given sub-element prevent extraction of the pinonly when the interested sub-elements are coplanar (see for exampleFIGS. 18 and 19C) or are not excessively inclined the one with respectto the other. More precisely, for each given sub-element positioned inthe first coupling mode, one projection 25 of the given sub-element isconfigured to act as axial lock against extraction of the pin(connecting two neighboring sub-elements as described above) only whenthe given sub-element and the longitudinally adjacent sub-element arecoplanar or inclined the one with respect to the other of a prefixedacute angle, while allowing extraction of the pin when the givensub-element and the longitudinally adjacent sub-element are inclined theone with respect to the other of an angle greater than said prefixedacute angle (see FIGS. 19A and 19B). Similarly, for each givensub-element positioned in the second coupling mode, one protrusion 25 ofthe given sub-element is configured to act as axial lock againstextraction of the pin (connecting two neighboring sub-elements asdescribed above) only when the given sub-element and the transversallyadjacent sub-element are coplanar or inclined the one with respect tothe other of a prefixed acute angle, while allowing extraction of thepin when the given sub-element and the transversally adjacentsub-element are inclined the one with respect to the other of an anglegreater than said prefixed acute angle (see figured 19A and 19B).

As previously mentioned each sub-element also comprises an axial stop 24for each first side portion 17 c: in practice the axial stop may bestructurally carried by one of the first annular features or by thefirst side portion or by a corner region of the sub element where onethe first side portions 17 c meets one of the second side portions 17 d;in any case, each axial stop 24 defines an axial abutment for the pininserted in the coupling seat formed between two adjacent sub-elements,such that when the pin 22 is inserted it has one end abutting againstthe axial stop and the opposite end axially blocked by the protrusion 25of a neighboring sub-element.

In a second embodiment of the sub-elements 17 shown in FIGS. 20A-20F,the first annular features 19 of a sub-element 17 mate with the firstannular features 19 of an adjacent sub-element forming a coupling seat21 between the two coupled adjacent sub-elements; at the same time, thesecond annular features 20 of a sub-element 17 mate with the secondannular features 20 of an adjacent sub-element forming a coupling seat21 between the two coupled adjacent sub-elements. The coupling seat 21of two transversally adjacent sub-elements 17 extends along an axis ofrotation AL parallel to the longitudinal direction L, while the couplingseat of two longitudinally adjacent sub-elements 17 extends along anaxis of rotation AT which parallel to the transverse direction T; atleast one pin 22 is inserted in the coupling seat 21 formed between thetwo adjacent sub-elements 17 to rotatably connect the same two adjacentsub-elements.

As it is visible from the drawings, each sub-element 17 comprises aplurality of first annular features 19 emerging from each one of therespective first side portions 17 c and a plurality of second annularfeatures 20 emerging from each one of the respective second sideportions 17 d of the same sub-element 17. In particular, the firstannular features 19 emerging from one first side portion 17 c are onemore in number of the first annular features 19 emerging from theopposite first side portion 17 c such that when mating the first annularfeatures of one sub-element with the first annular features of anadjacent sub-element the first annular features 19 of one sub-elementseat in the spaces 23 defined between the first annular features 19 ofthe adjacent sub-element 17; moreover, the second annular features 20emerging from one second side portion 17 d are one more in number of thesecond annular features 20 emerging from the other opposite second sideportion 17 d such that when mating the second annular features of onesub-element with the second annular features of an adjacent sub-elementthe second annular features 20 of said one sub-element seat in thespaces 23 defined between the first annular features 20 of the adjacentsub-element 17. FIGS. 20A and 20B show seats 23 defined between of thefirst annular features 19 and between the second annular features 20 ofa sub-element 17, as just described.

In detail, as shown in FIGS. 20A-20F, first annular features 19 emergingfrom one first side portion 17 c are equal in number to the secondannular features 20 emerging from one adjacent second side portion 17 d.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 20A-20F, each sub-element 17 has fourside portions defined by two first opposite side portions 17 c and bytwo opposite second side portions 17 d: in this case, the first annularfeatures 19 emerging from a same first side portion 17 c are coaxiallyaligned along a respective axis of rotation AL or AT, while the secondannular features 20 emerging from a same second side portion 17 d arecoaxially aligned along a respective axis of rotation AT or AL; inparticular, the second annular features 20 emerging from a same secondside portion 17 d extend perpendicular the same side portion and to thefirst annular features 19 emerging perpendicularly to an adjacent firstside portion 17 c.

As explained above for the second embodiment of the sub-elements,adjacent sub-elements 17 are mutually coupled by mating the firstannular features 19 of one sub-element with the first annular features19 of an adjacent sub-element to form the coupling seat 21 where one pin22 is inserted and, at the same time, second annular features 20 of onesub-element couple with the second annular features 20 of an adjacentsub-element to form another coupling seat 21 where another pin 22 isinserted. In order to avoid extraction of the pin 22 from the respectivecoupling seat 21, each sub-element 17 comprises two lock protrusions 25and two axial stops 24: in practice, each sub-element 17 carries a lockprotrusion 25 and an axial stop 24 associated to one first side portion17 c and also carries a lock protrusion 25 and an axial stop 24associated to the second side portion 17 d adjacent to the first sideportion 17 c.

Each lock protrusion 25 extends parallel to the respective first andsecond side portion 17 c, 17 d and according to a direction intersectingto that of the other lock protrusion 25 of the same sub-element 17. Thelock protrusion 25 of the first side portion 17 c extends parallel to anaxis of rotation defined by the first annular features 19 while the lockprotrusion 25 of the second side portion 17 d extends parallel to anaxis of rotation defined by the second annular features 20. Inparticular, the two lock protrusions 25 respectively extend parallel toan axis of rotation AL and AT defined by the first and second annularfeatures 19, 20 of the adjacent side portion.

As show for example in FIGS. 20A and 20B, in each one of saidsub-elements 17, the first annular features 19 emerging from one of saidopposite first side portions 17 c comprise a terminal first annularfeature which carries the respective lock protrusion 25 extendingtransversally to said terminal first annular feature and away from thefirst annular features of the same first side portion; moreover, thesecond annular features 20 emerging from one of said opposite secondside portions 17 d (namely the second side portion 17 d adjacent to thefirst side portion 17 c carrying the first annular features 19) comprisea terminal second annular feature which carries one respective lockprotrusion 25 extending transversally to said terminal second annularfeature and away from second annular features of the same second sideportion 17 d; the two lock protrusions 25 of the same sub-element 17extend transversally, optionally perpendicular, to each other and aredirected in intersecting directions from the respective terminal firstand second annular feature. The two lock protrusions 25 may joinedtogether to define a single piece placed at the corner of two adjacentfirst and second side portions 17 c, 17 d, as shown in FIGS. 20A-20F.

In order to understand operation of the protrusions 25, it should benoted that each sub-element 17 of a same rotatable portion 12 is coupledwith at least one longitudinally adjacent sub-element and with at leastone transversally adjacent sub-element in a single coupling mode whereinsaid plurality of sub-elements presents the same orientation (FIG. 20E).The lock protrusion 25 carried by a first annular feature 19 (first sideportion 17 c) of a given sub-element 17 is configured to act on a pin 22inserted between the first annular features of two adjacent sub-elements17 one of which is also adjacent to the given sub-element; in a similarmanner, the lock protrusion 25 carried by a second annular feature 20(second side portion 17 d) of the same given sub-element 17 isconfigured to act on a pin 22 cooperating with second annular featuresof two adjacent sub-elements 17 one of which is also adjacent to thegiven sub-element. In practice, each protrusion 25 carried by a givensub-element 17 prevents extraction of the pin interacting between twoother neighboring sub-elements.

By virtue of the coupling structure among adjacent sub-elements 17described above, longitudinally aligned sub-elements form lines Li ofsub-elements 17 (see FIG. 6) presenting coaxial longitudinal couplingseats and transversally aligned sub-elements form rows Ro ofsub-elements presenting coaxial transversal coupling seats, such thatthe rotatable portion 12 is capable of bending and follow the non-linearpath of the belt body.

In order to allow insertion and extraction, when needed, of the pins 22in the respective seats, the protrusions 25 of each given sub-elementprevent extraction of the pin only when the interested sub-elements arecoplanar (see for example FIG. 20E) or are not excessively inclined theone with respect to the other, while allowing extraction of the pin whenthe given sub-element and the adjacent sub-element are inclined the onewith respect to the other of an angle greater than said prefixed acuteangle (see FIGS. 20C and 20D).

As previously mentioned, each sub-element 17 also comprises an axialstop 24 for one first side portion 17 c and an axial stop 24 for theadjacent second side portion 17 d: in particular, the axial stops 24 arelocated at the same first and second side portion carrying the lockprotrusion 25 in order to define a single corner block of onesub-element 17 comprising the two lock protrusions 25 and the two axialstops 24. Each axial stop 24 defines an axial abutment for the pininserted in the coupling seat formed between two adjacent sub-elements,such that when the pin 22 is inserted it has one end abutting againstthe axial stop and the opposite end axially blocked by the protrusion 25of a neighboring sub-element.

As mentioned at the beginning of the detailed description thesub-elements 17 are surrounded by perimeter bodies 18 (see FIGS. 7 and8). In detail, each rotatable portion 12 comprises a plurality ofperimeter bodies 18 defining a peripheral edge of the rotatable portion12 encircling the plurality of interconnected sub-elements 17. Each oneof the perimeter bodies 18 is connected with at least one of saidsub-elements 17 and presents a radially external side 18 a of curvedshape. The perimeter bodies 18 are positioned in side by siderelationship such that their external sides provide the rotatableportion with a peripheral edge of circular shape as the aperture 16receiving the rotatable portion.

Finally, each rotatable portion 12 comprises one or more driving pieces26 (in FIG. 8 the exemplifying rotatable portion 12 comprises fourdriving pieces 26 positioned 90° apart the one from the other) emergingfrom a bottom side of the rotatable portion 12. The driving pieces 26may be carried by the perimeter bodies 18 of the rotatable portion. Thedriving pieces 26 are designed to cooperate with a passive or with anactive control mechanism mounted on the frame 3. A passive controlmechanism 100 is shown in FIGS. 2-4 and may for example comprise guideswhich cooperate with the driving pieces 26 and which cause movement ofthe driving pieces 26 and thus rotation of the rotatable portion 12 as aconsequence of a movement imparted to the conveyor belt 2: more indetail the passive control mechanism 100 may be configured to act onsaid driving pieces and, following a pre-determined displacement of theconveyor belt body along said predetermined path, cause a rotation ofthe rotatable portion by 90° or multiples thereof. Alternatively, anactive mechanism (not shown) may be used in place of the passive controlmechanism and include one or more pneumatic, electric or hydraulicactuators acting on the driving pieces 26 and putting in rotation therotatable portion 12 of the desired angle.

Here below possible embodiments of a passive control mechanism 100usable for causing motion of the rotatable portions 12 is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 2-4, the control mechanism 100 comprises at least oneguide 101 developing on a plane parallel to the operative tract 2 a ofthe conveyor belt 2 on which the articles P are moved along theadvancement direction A. The guide 101 is particularly steep, as it willbe explained here below, and extends along a predetermined operativepath: the driving piece 26 is moved along the operating path of thesteep guide 101 to cause rotation of the rotatable portion 12; indetail, the guide 101 is configured to drive the driving piece 26 alongthe predetermined operative path imposed by the same guide duringdisplacement of the belt body 13 along said advancement direction A,thereby causing the rotation of the rotatable portion and thus of anyarticle P carried by the rotatable portion: as guide 101 is steep, thenrotation of the rotatable portion by 90° takes place as a consequence ofa relatively short longitudinal run of piece 26. The operative path ofthe guide 101 exhibits, for at least of a tract of the path, a paraboliccurve joining two consecutive straight tracts: the parabolic curve issteep in the sense that an ideal straight line joining the two ends ofthe parabolic curve would be inclined by more than 30°, for example bymore than 45°; on the other hand thanks to its parabolic shape, theguide 101 allows the gentle movement of the driving piece 26 in order togradually impose the rotation on the rotatable portion 12. As describedabove, the driving piece 26 is located at a peripheral edge of therotatable portion 12; this configuration allows the guide 101, followinga predetermined displacement of the belt body 13 along said advancementdirection A, to cause the rotation of the rotatable portion 12 by 90° ormultiples thereof. More in detail, the guide 101 extends between a firstand a second end portion 101 b, 101 c: the first end portion 101 b ofthe guide 101 extends underneath the peripheral edge of the rotatableportion 12 while the second portion 101 c of the guide 101 extendsunderneath a central portion of the rotatable portion 12 (see FIG. 9).

In term of size, the guide 101 exhibits a transverse extension 101 _(T),measured along a direction perpendicular to the advancement direction A,greater than 75%, optionally greater than 100%, of a longitudinalextension 101 _(L) of the same guide measured parallel to theadvancement direction A (see FIG. 10); in particular, the ratio betweenthe transversal extension 101 _(T) and the longitudinal extension 101_(L) of the guide 101 is equal to or greater than 0.75, more preciselygreater than 1.1, optionally comprised between 1.1 and 2, moreoptionally comprised between 1.1 and 1.5. FIG. 10 shows the operativepath of the guide 101; to better visualize the transverse andlongitudinal dimensions of the guide 101, as well as the mentionedratios, references 101 _(L) and 101 _(T) are schematically reported inFIG. 10.

Also the rotatable portion 12 exhibits a predetermined transversal sizemeasured perpendicularly to the advancement direction A; the transversalextension 101 _(T) of the guide 101 is substantially half thepredetermined transversal size of the rotatable portion 12 (see theschematic representations reported on FIGS. 9-13). In detail, the ratiobetween the longitudinal extension 101 _(L) of the guide 101 and thetransversal size of the rotatable portion 12 is less than 0.6,optionally is less than 0.5, more optionally is comprised between 0.4and 0.2.

As shown in FIG. 9-13, the control mechanism 100 may comprise either asingle steep guide 101 as described above or a first and second guide102, 103 (both relatively steep in the sense described above for theguide 101) aligned along a longitudinal direction parallel to theadvancement direction A. The first guide 102 extends along a firstoperative path while the second guide 103 extends along a respectivesecond operative path. Each of said first and second guides 102, 103presents structure and geometry similar to the just described guide 101in terms of steepness, longitudinal extension, transversal extension,ratio between the transversal extension and the longitudinal extensionand ratios between the longitudinal extension or transversal extensionof each guide 102, 103 and the transversal size of the rotatable portion12.

As shown in FIGS. 9-13, the first and second guide 102, 103 exhibitrespective parabolic profiles defining respective concavities: theconcavities of the first and second guide 102, 103 face each other suchthat one extends in prosecution of the other. In detail, the operativepaths of the first and second guide 102, 103 may converge toward acommon end point. More in detail, the first and second guide 102, 103are symmetrical with respect to a direction perpendicular to theadvancement direction A.

In the case, as in the embodiments shown, the control mechanism 100comprises two steep guides, namely the first and the second guides 102,103, then the rotatable portion 12 comprises two driving pieces 26, eachof which during a same rotation of the rotatable portion 12, isconfigured to cooperate with the respective of said first and secondguide 102, 103.

The control mechanism 100 may further comprise one auxiliary guide 104(significantly less steep compared to the guide 101 and the first andsecond guides 102, 103) developing on a plane parallel to the operativetract 2 a of the conveyor belt 2 and extending along a respectivepredetermined operative path; also the auxiliary guide 104 is configuredto cooperate with a respective driving piece 26 and, together with theguide 101 (or together with the first and second guides 102, 103 in casetwo), rotate the portion 12 of the conveyor belt, following thedisplacement of the belt body 13 along said advancement direction A.

The control mechanism 100 may comprise exclusively one (relativelysteep) guide 101 and one auxiliary guide 104 (significantly less steepthan guide 101); in this configuration the rotatable portion 12comprises different driving pieces as described below, namely:

-   -   at least a first driving piece 26 a emerging from the bottom        surface 55 of the rotatable portion 12; the guide 101 is        configured to drive the first driving piece 26 a along its        predetermined operative path following the displacement of the        belt body 13 along said advancement direction A, causing the        rotation of the article P,    -   at least a second driving piece 26 b, emerging from the bottom        surface 55 of the rotatable portion 12, positioned at least 90°        apart the first driving piece 26 a. The auxiliary guide 104 is        configured to drive the second driving piece 26 b along its        respective predetermined operative path following the        displacement of the belt body 13 along said advancement        direction A, causing the rotation of the article P.

In a further embodiment, the control mechanism 100 may comprises thefirst and second guide 102, 103 (parabolic guide with a transversalextension greater than a longitudinal extension) and the auxiliary guide104 or two distinct first and second auxiliary guides 105, 106. In thisconfiguration, the rotatable portion 12 may comprise three or fourdistinct and spaced driving pieces 26 each of which is configuredcooperate with the respective guide (102, 103, 104 or 102, 103, 105,106) in order to rotate the portion 12 around the axis R.

As shown in FIGS. 9-13 the auxiliary guide 104 is distinct and spacedwith respect the guide 101; in particular, the auxiliary guide 104 isspaced from the guide 101 with respect to a direction perpendicular tothe advancement direction A. in detail, the auxiliary guide 104 isspaced from the guide 101 (or the first and second guide 102, 103) withrespect to a direction perpendicular to the advancement direction A andto a direction parallel to the advancement direction A. In the examplesshown, the guide 101 (or the first and second guides 102, 103) extendsunderneath a transversal half of the belt body 13 while the auxiliaryguide 104 extends underneath the other transversal half of the belt body13. Also the auxiliary guide 104 exhibits a predetermined operative pathhaving, for at least of a tract of said path, a curved profile having arespective concavity; the concavity of the guide 101, if present theconcavity of the first and second guides 102, 103, and the concavity ofguide 104 are all oriented towards the same lateral edge of the beltbody 13.

Concerning dimensions, the auxiliary guide 104 exhibits a longitudinalextension 104 _(L), measured parallel to the advancement direction A,greater than a transversal extension 104 _(T) of the same guide measuredperpendicularly to the advancement direction A. In detail, the ratiobetween the longitudinal extension 104 _(L) and the transversalextension 104 _(T) of the auxiliary guide 104 is greater than 1.5,optionally equal or greater than 2, more optionally comprised between 2and 4. In particular, the ratio between the longitudinal extension 104_(L) of the auxiliary guide 104 and the transversal size of therotatable portion 12 is comprised between 0.8 and 1.2, optionally thelongitudinal extension 104 _(L) of the auxiliary guide 104 is equal tothe transversal size of the rotatable portion 12 (see FIG. 10).

As shown in FIG. 9-13, the control mechanism 100 comprises instead of asingle auxiliary guide 104 two auxiliary guides as follows:

-   -   at least one first auxiliary guide 105 extending along a first        operative path,    -   at least a second auxiliary guide 106 extending along a second        operative path, intersecting the first operative path of the        first auxiliary guide.

Each of said first and second auxiliary guides 105, 106 presentsstructure and geometry similar to the just described auxiliary guide 104in terms of steepness (which is significantly smaller than that ofguides 101, 102, 103), longitudinal extension, transversal extension,ratio between the transversal extension and the longitudinal extensionand ratios between the longitudinal extension or transversal extensionof each auxiliary guide 105, 106 and the transversal size of therotatable portion 12.

As shown in FIGS. 9-13, each one of said first and second auxiliaryguides 105, 106 exhibit respective curved profiles defining respectiveconcavities: the concavities of said first and second auxiliary guides105, 106 face each other. In detail, the operative paths of the firstand second auxiliary guide 105, 106 are symmetrical with respect to adirection perpendicular to the advancement direction A.

In one embodiment shown in FIGS. 9-13, the control mechanism maycomprises four driving pieces (26 a, 26 b, 26 c, 26 d) positioned 90°apart the one from the other emerging from the bottom surface 55 of therotatable portion 12; each driving piece is configured to cooperate withone of the guides between:

-   -   the first guide 102,    -   the second guide 103,    -   the first auxiliary guide 105,    -   the second auxiliary guide 106.

The first and second guides 102, 103 together with the first and secondauxiliary guides 105, 106, following the displacement of the belt body13 along said advancement direction A, are configured to cooperatesimultaneously with the four driving pieces (26 a, 26 b, 26 c, 26 d) ofthe rotatable portion 12, causing the rotation of this latter.

From a structural perspective, each one of the above described guidesand auxiliary guides of the control mechanism 100 may be defined bymeans of appropriate raceways carried by a base plate 120 borne on topof frame 3 and extending parallel to and below the operative tract 2 aof the conveyor.

In the example shown in FIGS. 2-4, the raceways defining the guides 101or 102, 103 and the auxiliary guides 104 or 105 and 106 are formed bythe sides of a plurality of longitudinally adjacent blocks emerging fromthe base plate 120. In practice the internal or external sides (internalsides being the sides closer to the longitudinal center axis of theconveyor) of the adjacent blocks combine to form the various guides asdescribed herein below in greater detail. In particular, referring toFIG. 4 and moving from left to right the base plate 120 carries twoopposite sliding blocks 140, 145 (serving as deviators for the pieces26), followed by two fixed (almost triangular) and symmetrically opposedproximal blocks 122, followed by two fixed and symmetrically opposedcentral blocks 123, which are then followed by two also fixed andsymmetrically opposed terminal blocks 124. At the longitudinal oppositeends of the base plate 120, two symmetrically opposed inlet guide blocks125 and two symmetrically opposite outlet guide blocks 126 are alsopresent. Finally, immediately adjacent to each one of the central blocks123, a respective activating element 130, 135 is positioned which servesto selectively deviate the trajectory of the pieces 26 as it will behereinafter described.

In practice, with reference to FIGS. 4 and 9-13, a piece 26 a travellingalong trajectory of guide 102, passes on the external side of the inletguide block 125 (the inferior inlet guide block 125 in FIG. 4) and isintercepted by activating element 130, which may be activated (and thusmoved vertically upwards) by a mechanical actuator, such as a spring, orby an hydraulic, pneumatic or electric actuator. The activating element130 moves the piece 26 a on the internal side profile of the centralblock 123 (the inferior central block 123 in FIG. 4) and then proceedstraight moving between the two distal blocks 124.

Piece 26 b of same rotating plate 12, which is spaced 90° a part in acounterclockwise direction with respect to piece 26 a and which istravelling along trajectory of first auxiliary guide 105, passes on theinternal side of sliding block 140, which has been horizontallydisplaced (by a mechanical or pneumatic or electric or hydraulicactuator) such as to align its internal side to the external side ofblock 122 (the upper block 122 in FIG. 4). Then pin 26 b moves on theexternal side of block 122 and of central block 123 to then reach theexternal side of outlet guide block 126 (the upper outlet guide block126 in FIG. 4) where the piece 26 b takes a straight trajectory.

Piece 26 c of same rotating plate 12, which is spaced 90° a part in aclockwise direction with respect to piece 26 a and which is travellingalong trajectory of second guide 103 is positioned on the front of therotating element (see FIGS. 9 and 10) when the pieces 26 a and 26 b areabout to follow the above described trajectories 102 and 105respectively. Note that to reach the position shown in FIG. 10, piece 26c had to travel straight between the straight internal facing sides ofthe two proximal blocks 122. Then piece 26 c mounts on the external sideof central block 123 to then reach the external side of outlet guideblock 126 (the lower outlet guide block 126 in FIG. 4) where the piece26 c takes a straight trajectory.

Finally, piece 26 d of the same rotating 12 which is angularly spaced by180° with respect to piece 26 a and which follows the trajectory of thesecond auxiliary guide 106 slides first on the external side inlet guideblock 125 (the superior inlet guide block 125 in FIG. 4) and is thenintercepted by activating element 135, which may be activated (and thusselectively moved vertically upwards) by a mechanical actuator, such asa spring, or by an hydraulic, pneumatic or electric actuator. Theactivating element 135 moves piece 26 d on the internal side profile ofthe central block 123 (the superior central block 123 in FIG. 4); thenpiece 26 d proceed straight moving between the two distal blocks 124.

The above described operation causes a 90° clockwise angular motion ofthe rotatable portion as it is visible from FIGS. 9-13. However, as twoopposite sliding blocks 140, 145, the opposed proximal blocks 122, theopposed central blocks 123, the opposed terminal blocks 124, the opposedinlet guide blocks 125, the opposed guide blocks 126, and the activatingelements 130, 135 are symmetrically opposed in pairs it is possible tooperate appropriately on the activating elements and on the slidingblocks to impose to the pieces 26 a, 26 b, 26 c, 26 d trajectories whichare symmetric to those described above thus resulting in acounterclockwise motion of the rotatable portion by 90°.

In accordance with a further aspect, it is provided a packagingapparatus comprising the conveyor described above and a sealing station;the conveyor is configured to convey articles to be packaged to thesealing station and the sealing station is configured to apply a sealingfilm to the products to be packaged. A control unit is configured tosynchronize movement of the conveyor with the sealing process performedby the sealing station.

Operation of the conveyor 1 is as follows.

Motor 8 causes motion of the conveyor belt 2. As shown in FIG. 1, as aconsequence of the translation motion of the top stretch of the conveyorbelt 2, the passive control mechanism 100 acts on driving piece orpieces 26 and cause a controlled rotation of the rotatable portion 12 bye.g., 90°. It should be noted that by virtue of its specific design, therotatable portion has transversally aligned sub-elements which form rowsRo and lines Li of sub-elements (see FIG. 6), which may bend and followthe non-linear path of the belt body: for example referring to FIG. 5,it should be noted that each rotatable portion 12 is capable of bendingwhen the segment of conveyor carrying the rotatable portion turns aroundone of the turning assemblies 7. Additionally, the conveyor belt bodymay be either formed in a deformable material or comprise bands of rigidmaterial (schematically identified with reference numeral 13 a in FIG. 5having width W identical to the conveyor belt width and extension E inthe direction of conveyor belt motion which is equal to the width ofeach one of the rows or lines formed by the sub-elements 17.

1. A conveyor (1) comprising a support frame (3), a conveyor belt (2),carried by the support frame (3), configured to move at least onearticle (P) along an advancement direction (A) on a planar operativetract (2 a), said conveyor belt (2) comprising: a belt body (13), atleast one rotatable portion (12) coupled to the belt body (13) andconfigured to turn relative to the belt body (13), wherein the rotatableportion (12) has a top surface (15) configured to receive said article(P), the rotatable portion (12), during the movement of the article (P)along the advancement direction (A), being configured to turn relativeto the belt body (13) at least between two angularly offset positions,wherein the rotatable portion (12) comprises at least one driving piece(26) emerging from a bottom surface (55) of the rotatable portion (12)opposite to said top surface (15), a control mechanism (100) carried bythe support frame (3), the control mechanism being configured to act onsaid driving piece (26) and, following a displacement of the belt body(13) along said advancement direction (A), cause a rotation of therotatable portion (12) between said two angularly offset positions,characterized by the fact that the control mechanism (100) comprises atleast one guide (101) developing on a plane parallel to the operativetract (2 a) of the conveyor belt (2) and extending along a predeterminedoperative path, said guide (101) being configured to drive the drivingpiece (26) along the predetermined operative path during displacement ofthe belt body (13) along said advancement direction (A), causing therotation of the article (P), wherein the guide (101) exhibits atransverse extension (101T), measured along a direction perpendicular tothe advancement direction (A), greater than 0.75 of a longitudinalextension (101L) of the same guide measured parallel to the advancementdirection (A).
 2. The conveyor according to claim 1, wherein the ratiobetween the transversal extension (101T) and the longitudinal extension(101L) of the guide (101) is between 1.1 and
 2. 3. The conveyoraccording to claim 1, wherein the guide (101) of the control mechanism(100) is configured to act on said driving piece (26) and, following apredetermined displacement of the belt body (13) along said advancementdirection (A), cause a rotation of the rotatable portion (12) by 90° ormultiples thereof.
 4. The conveyor according to claim 1, wherein therotatable portion (12) exhibits a predetermined transversal sizemeasured perpendicularly to the advancement direction (A), wherein thetransversal extension (101T) of the guide (101) is substantially halfthe predetermined transversal size of the rotatable portion (12).
 5. Theconveyor according to claim 1, wherein the ratio between thelongitudinal extension (101L) of the guide (101) and the transversalsize of the rotatable portion (12) is less than 0.6.
 6. The conveyoraccording to claim 1, wherein the operative path of the guide (101)exhibits, for at least of a tract of the path, a parabolic curve.
 7. Theconveyor according to claim 1, wherein: the guide (101) extends betweena first and a second end portion (101 b, 101 c), the first end portion(101 b) of the guide (101) extends underneath the peripheral edge of therotatable portion (12), the second portion (101 c) of the guide (101)extends underneath a central portion of the rotatable portion (12),wherein the guide (101) cooperates with the driving piece (26) and,following a displacement of the belt body (13) along said advancementdirection, cause a rotation of the rotatable portion (12) by 90° ormultiples thereof.
 8. The conveyor according to claim 1, wherein thecontrol mechanism (100) further comprises at least one auxiliary guide(104) developing on a plane parallel to the operative tract (2 a) of theconveyor belt (2) and extending along a respective predeterminedoperative path, wherein the auxiliary guide (104) exhibits alongitudinal extension (104L), measured parallel to the advancementdirection (A), greater than a transversal extension (104T) of the sameguide measured perpendicularly to the advancement direction (A), whereinthe control mechanism (100) includes: at least a first driving piece (26a) emerging from the bottom surface (55) of the rotatable portion (12),the guide (101) being configured to drive the first driving piece (26 a)along its predetermined operative path following the displacement of thebelt body (13) along said advancement direction (A), causing therotation of the article (P), at least a second driving piece (26 b),emerging from the bottom surface (55) of the rotatable portion (12),positioned at least 90° apart the first driving piece (26 a), saidauxiliary guide (104) being configured to drive the second driving piece(26) along its respective predetermined operative path during thedisplacement of the belt body (13) along said advancement direction (A),causing the rotation of the article (P).
 9. The conveyor according toclaim 8, wherein the control mechanism is configured such that theauxiliary guide (104) engages the second driving piece (26 b) before thefirst driving piece (26) engages said guide (101).
 10. The conveyoraccording to claim 8, wherein the ratio between the longitudinalextension (104L) and the transversal extension (104T) of the auxiliaryguide (104) is greater than 1.5 and the ratio between the longitudinalextension (104L) of the auxiliary guide (104) and the transversal sizeof the rotatable portion (12) is comprised between 0.8 and 1.2. 11.(canceled)
 12. (canceled)
 13. (canceled)
 14. (canceled)
 15. The conveyoraccording to claim 8, wherein the belt body presents two longitudinallyadjacent transversal halves, and wherein the guide (101) extendsunderneath one of the two transversal halves of the belt body (13) whilethe auxiliary guide (104) extends underneath the other of the twotransversal halves of the belt body (13).
 16. (canceled)
 17. Theconveyor according to claim 8, wherein the respective predeterminedoperative path of the auxiliary guide (104) defines, for at least of atract of said path, a curved profile, wherein the curved profile of thepredetermined operative path of the guide (101) has a pre-determinedconcavity oriented towards a lateral edge of the belt body (13), whereinthe curved profile of the respective operative path of the auxiliaryguide (104) has a respective concavity oriented towards the same lateraledge of the belt body (13).
 18. The conveyor according to claim 1,wherein said control mechanism (100) comprises: at least one first guide(102) extending along a first operative path, at least a second guide(103) extending along a second operative path, wherein each one of saidfirst and second guides (102, 103) exhibits a substantially curvedprofile with concavity directed to the same side, wherein the operativepaths of the first and second guide (102, 103) join at a common endpoint and are substantially symmetrical with respect to a directionperpendicular to the advancement direction (A).
 19. The conveyoraccording to claim 8, wherein the control mechanism comprises: at leastone first auxiliary guide (105) extending along a first operative path,at least a second auxiliary guide (106) extending along a secondoperative path, wherein the first operating path of the first auxiliaryguide intersects with the second operating path of the second auxiliaryguide, wherein the rotatable portion (12) comprises four driving pieces(26 a, 26 b, 26 c, 26 d) positioned 90° apart the one from the other andemerging from the bottom surface (55) of the rotatable portion (12),each driving piece is configured to cooperate with one of the guidesbetween: the first guide (102), the second guide (103), the firstauxiliary guide (105), the second auxiliary guide (106); the first andsecond guides (102, 103) together with the first and second auxiliaryguides (105, 106), during the displacement of the belt body (13) alongsaid advancement direction (A), are configured to cooperate with thefour driving pieces (26 a, 26 b, 26 c, 26 d) of the rotatable portion(12), causing rotation of this latter.
 20. (canceled)
 21. The conveyoraccording to claim 1, wherein the belt body (13) has a top surface (14)positions in alignment with the top surface (15) of the rotatableportion (12), wherein the belt body (13) has an aperture (16) configuredfor receiving the rotatable portion (12), wherein the belt body apertureis shaped as the peripheral edge of the rotatable portion (12).
 22. Theconveyor according to claim 1, the frame (3) extends along a first andsecond opposite longitudinal ends (1 a, 1 b), the frame (3) supports aturning assembly (7) at each of said first and second longitudinal endsof the conveyor (1), the conveyor belt (2) being engaged around the twoturning assemblies (7) and configured according to a closed loop therebyforming an endless conveyor belt (2), wherein at least one of theturning assemblies (7) is connected to a motor (8) in order to receiverotational power from the motor (8) and turn it into advancementmovement of the conveyor belt (2).
 23. (canceled)
 24. The conveyoraccording to claim 1, the rotatable portion (12) is engaged to a beltbody (13) segment such that when this belt body segment is planar alsothe associated rotating portion (12) is planar but can turn relativelyto the belt body (13) according to a rotation axis (R) perpendicular tothe belt body segment.
 25. The conveyor according to claim 1, whereinthe control mechanism (100) comprises: a base plate (120) parallel tothe operative tract (2 a) of the conveyor belt (2), a plurality oflongitudinally adjacent blocks (122, 123, 124, 125, 126) emerging fromthe base plate (120) having sides which form the first and second guidesand/or the first and second auxiliary guides, one or more activatingelements (130, 135) cooperating with one the longitudinally adjacentblocks and selectively serving to deviate the trajectory of pieces (26)interacting with the control mechanism (100); wherein said activatingelement or each one of said activating elements (130, 135) is movablealong a direction perpendicular to the operative tract (2 a) of theconveyor belt (2) at least between: one lower position in which it isconfigured to allow undisturbed passage of the driving piece (26), oneupper position in which it is configured to contact the driving pieceand direct it onto the respective guide.
 26. The conveyor according toclaim 1, wherein the control mechanism (100) comprises: at least onesliding block (140) relatively movable with respect the support frame(3) and configured to guide the driving piece (26) into one auxiliaryguide, wherein the sliding block (140) is movable along an horizontaldirection parallel to the operative tract (2 a) of the conveyor belt (2)and perpendicular with respect the advancement direction (A) at leastbetween: one inactive position in which sliding block allows undisturbedpassage of the driving piece (26), one active position in which thesliding block directs the driving piece into the respective auxiliaryguide.
 27. A packaging apparatus (200) comprising: at least one conveyor(1); and at least one sealing station (201) configured to apply asealing film to the article to be packaged; the at least one conveyorcomprising: a support frame (3), a conveyor belt (2), carried by thesupport frame (3), configured to move at least one article (P) along anadvancement direction (A) on a planar operative tract (2 a), saidconveyor belt (2) comprising: a belt body (13), at least one rotatableportion (12) coupled to the belt body (13) and configured to turnrelative to the belt body (13), wherein the rotatable portion (12) has atop surface (15) configured to receive said article (P), the rotatableportion (12), during the movement of the article (P) along theadvancement direction (A), being configured to turn relative to the beltbody (13) at least between two angularly offset positions, wherein therotatable portion (12) comprises at least one driving piece (26)emerging from a bottom surface (55) of the rotatable portion (12)opposite to said top surface (15), a control mechanism (100) carried bythe support frame (3), the control mechanism being configured to act onsaid driving piece (26) and, following a displacement of the belt body(13) along said advancement direction (A), cause a rotation of therotatable portion (12) between said two angularly offset positions,characterized by the fact that the control mechanism (100) comprises atleast one guide (101) developing on a plane parallel to the operativetract (2 a) of the conveyor belt (2) and extending along a predeterminedoperative path, said guide (101) being configured to drive the drivingpiece (26) along the predetermined operative path during displacement ofthe belt body (13) along said advancement direction (A), causing therotation of the article (P), wherein the guide (101) exhibits atransverse extension (101T), measured along a direction perpendicular tothe advancement direction (A), greater than 0.75 of a longitudinalextension (101L) of the same guide measured parallel to the advancementdirection (A).
 28. (canceled)